POTENSI EKSTRAK POLISAKARIDA LARUT AIR (PLA) DARI BIJI ASAM (Tamarindus indica L) SEBAGAI KONTROL BERAT BADAN DAN GLUKOSA DARAH
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jpa.2021.009.02.6Keywords:
Biji asam jawa, Ekstrak kasar, Polisakarida larut airAbstract
Biji asam jawa (Tamarindus indica L) merupakan salah satu potensi lokal Indonesia khususnya daerah Nusa Tenggara. Ekstrak polisakarida larut air (PLA) biji asam berperan sebagai sumber serat yang dapat mengendalikan berat badan dan glukosa darah. Tujuan penelitian yaitu untuk mengoptimasi ekstraksi PLA biji asam yang memiliki rendemen dan tingkat kelarutan yang paling baik sebagai kontrol berat badan dan glukosa darah. Proses optimasi menggunakan metode Box Behnken Design (BBD) dengan bantuan software Design Expert 10.0. Hasil optimasi yang diperoleh diverifikasi dan dilakukan pengujian potensinya terhadap berat badan dan glukosa darah. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa pemberian ekstrak PLA biji asam pada pakan tikus diet tinggi lemak selama 40 hari memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap kelompok kontrol negatif dan kontrol positif pada kadar glukosa darah tikus. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan pemberian ekstrak kasar PLA biji asam dapat mengendalikan kadar glukosa tikus diet tinggi lemak.
References
Alpizar-Reyes, E., Carrillo-Navas, H., Gallardo-Rivera, R., Varela-Guerrero, V., Alvarez-Ramirez, J., & Pérez-Alonso, C. (2017). Functional properties and physicochemical characteristics of tamarind (Tamarindus indica L.) seed mucilage powder as a novel hydrocolloid. Journal of Food Engineering, 209, 68–75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2017.04.021
Azad, S. (2018). Tamarindo — Tamarindus indica. In Exotic Fruits Reference Guide (pp. 403–408). Bangladesh: Elsevier Inc. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-803138-4.00055-1
Benkeblia, N. (2014). Polysaccharides Natural Fibers in Food and Nutrition (N. Benkeblia, ed.). New York: CRC Press Taylor and Francis Group.
Dahiya DK, Puniya M, Shandilya UK, Dhewa T, Kumar N, Kumar S, Puniya AK., & Shukla P. (2017). Gut Microbiota Modulation and Its Relationship with Obesity Using Prebiotic Fibres and Probiotics: A Review. Front. Microbiol., 8, 563.
Ding, Q., Nie, S., Hu, J., Zong, X., Li, Q., & Xie, M. (2017). In vitro and in vivo gastrointestinal digestion and fermentation of the polysaccharide from Ganoderma atrum. Food Hydrocolloids, 63, 646–655. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodhyd.2016.10.018
Karl JP, & Saltzman E. (2012). The Role of Whole Grains in Body Weight Regulation. Adv. Nutr. 3, 697–707
Kuru, P. (2014). Tamarindus indica and its health related effects. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine, 4(9), 676–681. https://doi.org/10.12980/APJTB.4.2014APJTB-2014-0173
Hua, X., Xu, S., Wang, M., Chen, Y., Yang, H., & Yang, R. (2017). Effects of high-speed homogenization and high-pressure homogenization on structure of tomato residue fibers. Food Chemistry, 232, 443–449. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.04.003
Mota C., Márlon D., Sousa E., Brito D., Regina S., & Ferreira S. (2020). Industrial Relevance of Tamarindus indica L. by-Products as Source of Valuable Active Metabolites. Innovative Food Science and Emerging Technologies, 66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ifset.2020.102518
Rini, C., Putri, H., & Sunaryati, T. (2018). Pengaruh Ekstrak Tamarindus Indica Terhadap Kenaikan Berat Badan Pada Tikus Rattus novergicus yang Diberi Diet Obesitas. Jurnal Ilmiah Kedokteran WIjaya Kusuma, 6(1), 1–7.
Salarbashi D, & Tafaghodi M. (2018). An Update On Physicochemical And Functional Properties Of Newly Seed Gums. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 119, 1240–1247. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.06.161
Saputro, P. S., & Estiasih, T. (2015). Pengaruh Polisakarida Larut Air (PLA) Dan Serat Pangan Umbi-Umbian Terhadap Glukosa Darah : Kajian Pustaka. Jurnal Pangan Dan Agroindustri, 3(2), 756–762.
Setyaningsih, I., Bintang, M., & Madina, N. (2015). Potentially Antihyperglycemic from Biomass and Phycocyanin of Spirulina fusiformis Voronikhin by in Vivo Test. Procedia Chemistry, 14, 211–215. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proche.2015.03.030
Sole, S. S., & Srinivasan, B. P. (2012). Aqueous extract of tamarind seeds selectively increases glucose transporter-2, glucose transporter-4, and islets’ intracellular calcium levels and stimulates β-cell proliferation resulting in improved glucose homeostasis in rats with streptozotocin-induce. Nutrition Research, 32(8), 626–636. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nutres.2012.06.015
Soliman G A. (2019). Dietary Fiber, Atherosclerosis, and Cardiovascular Disease. Nutrients. 11: 1155
Williams BA., Grant LJ., Gidley MJ., & Mikkelsen D. (2017).Gut Fermentation of Dietary Fibres: Physico-Chemistry of Plant Cell Walls and Implications for Health. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 18, 2203.
Zhang L, Liu Y, Ke Y, Liu Y, Luo X, Li C, Zhang Z, Liu A, Shen L, Chen H, Hu B, Wu H, Wu W, Lin D, & Li S. (2018). Antidiabetic Activity of Polysaccharides from Suillellus Luridus in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Mice. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 119, 134–140. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.07.109
